NTA UGC NET General Paper I December 2018 - Part 2

Read the passage carefully and answer questions 11 to 15:

Today, in the digital age, who owns information owns the future. In this digital world, we face a fundamental choice between open and closed. In an open world information is shared by all freely available to everyone. In a closed world information is exclusively owned and controlled by a few. Today, we live in a closed world a world of extraordinary and growing concentrations in power and wealth. A world where innovation is held back and distorted by the dead hand of monopoly; where essential medicines are affordable only to the rich, where freedom is threatened by manipulation, exclusion and exploitation; and each click you make, every step you take, they will be watching you. By contrast, in an open world all of us would be enriched by the freedom to use, enjoy and build on everything from statistics and research to newspaper stories and books, from software and films to music and medical fomulae. In an open world, we would pay innovators and creators more and more fairly, using market-driven remuneration rights in place of intellectual property monopoly rights. As they have improved, digital technologies have taken on ever more of the tasks that humans used to do, from manufacturing cars to scheduling appointments. And in the next few decades, artificial intelligence may well be not only driving our cars for us but drafting legal contracts and performing surgery. On the face of it, we have much to gain if machines can spare us tedious or routine tasks and perform them with greater accuracy. The danger, though, is that robots run on information-software, data algorithms and at present the ownership of this sort of information is unequal. And because it is protected by our closed system of intellectual property rights.

11.       How will an open world function?

(1) With limited choices

(2) Information is available to everyone

(3) Information is exclusive

(4) Information is controlled

Answer: 2

12.       Which of these characteristics of a closed world?

(a) Concentration in power and wealth increases

(b) Innovation is controlled

(c) Only the rich have access to medicines

(d) Freedom is manipulated

(e) Information is shared by all

(f) Creativity is recognised

Code:

(1) (a), (b), (c) and (d)

(2) (b), (c), (d) and (e)

(3) (c), (d), (e) and (f)

(4) (d), (e), (f) and (a)

Answer: 1

13.       What is the status of intellectual property rights in an open world?

(1) They are monopoly rights

(2) Medical formulae are restricted

(3) Replaced by remuneration rights

(4) Protected proprietorial rights

Answer: 3

14.       What is impact of digital technologies on the present day world?

(1) Creativity is sidelined

(2) Mechanical accuracy is distorted

(3) Tedious tasks see an upward trend

(4) Human tasks are performed by machines

Answer: 4

15.       The crux of the passage contains the following statements:

(a) Digital technology is dangerous

(b) Those who own information will own the future

(c) Artificial intelligence will do the human tasks

(d) Monopoly of digital technology has led to unequal ownership of information

(e) Intellectual property rights should be protected in an open world

(1) (a), (b) and (c)

(2) (b), (c) and (d)

(3) (c), (d) and (e)

(4) (d), (e) and (a)

Answer: 2

16.       In verbal communication, words act as:

(1) Fillers

(2) Decoratives

(3) Symbols

(4) Passive barriers

Answer: 3

17.       Modern educational communication is described as:

(1) Teleologic

(2) Non-distributive

(3) Un-approximate

(4) Telescopic

Answer: 1

18.       Effective classroom communication would help students internalise:

(a) Knowledge             (b) Subject matter

(c) Articulation (d) Language felicity

(e) Non-responsiveness (f) Modalities of resistance

Code:

(1) (a), (b), (c) and (d)

(2) (b), (c), (d) and (e)

(3) (c), (d), (e) and (f)

(4) (a), (d), (e) and (f)

Answer: 1

19.       The challenging behaviours of students as related to communication are:

(a) Purposive challenges       (b) Critical challenges

(c) Procedural challenges     (d) Evaluation challenges

(e) Practicality challenges     (f) Power challenges

Code:

(1) (a), (b), (c) and (d)

(2) (b), (c), (d) and (f)

(3) (c), (d), (e) and (f)

(4) (d), (e), (f) and (a)

Answer: 3

20.    Classroom communication has a basis in:

(1) Audience fragmentation

(2) Non-informative cues

(3) Attention diversion

(4) Intensive listener focus

Answer: 4